When action to avoid a close-quarters situation is taken, a course change alone may be the most effective action provided that it is a large course change.

• A. Any Minor Course Change Will Suffice
• B. Only Speed Change Is Effective
• C. Do Nothing and Maintain Course
• D. A Large Course Change

Answer: (D)

When you’re aiming to avoid a close-quarters situation, the most reliable way to change the outcome is by altering your vessel’s course. A course change directly changes your path and the predicted bearing of your hull relative to the other vessel, which can quickly create a safe passing clearance. If the change is large, it effectively shifts you out of a potential collision zone and reduces the chance that the other vessel will remain on a crossing or head-on track. Small course changes or just slowing down may not be enough to break the collision course, especially if the other vessel holds its speed and heading. Doing nothing is obviously unsafe. So, if you’re taking action to avoid a close-quarters situation, a large course change is the most effective option.